Consumer-citizens are concerned about food sustainability. However, there is a gap between the degree of concern and the rate of choices for relatively more sustainable food products. Funded by the Nordic Council of Ministers, a representative consumer-citizen survey study across eight Nordic-Baltic countries about sustainability understanding in the food context was conducted in summer 2022 by the MAPP Centre at Aarhus University, Denmark, with the contribution of a steering committee consisting of representatives from each country.The report provides research insights, which allow decision makers to know where consumer-citizens are in their current understanding of food sustainability. This serves as an important input for discussing an efficient design of and communication about a future sustainability labelling framework empowering consumer-citizens to make informed food choices.