The Nordic countries have similar approaches to social welfare, and the Nordic model differs from many other approaches by being underpinned by a ‘social contract’ – a foundation that supports a handful of core public services. This social contract has developed into welfare states, in which certain basic needs and services are the collective responsibility of local, regional or national government (cf. Dølvik et al., 2015). The Nordic model and social contract have in this way taken responsibility for fulfilling key human needs such as education and healthcare.