The study's goal was to understand the environmental impacts of different types of packaging throughout the life cycle, specifically reusable versus single-use ones, in takeaway and e-commerce industries in Nordic countries. It found that reusable packaging can be more eco-friendly, though how it compares depends on various factors, including how often it's reused.

 The study emphasises that there's no one-size-fits-all answer, as specific circumstances greatly influence results. However, with smart design and encouraging correct use, reusable packaging could significantly decrease environmental impact, offering a more sustainable path forward.