Genetic resources are genetic material of actual and potential value that may be important to humans and life on earth. A great variety of genetic resources is a prerequisite for natural selection, adaptation, and evolution. Access to the world’s genetic resources and a fair and equitable sharing of the benefits that arise from their use are therefore important matters that are regulated in several national and international forums. 

The Nordic countries have a long history of more than 50 years of collaboration within conservation and sustainable use of genetic resources.

The technological and political advancements since the adoption of the Kalmar Declaration twenty years ago have made it evident that a new Nordic take is needed. The Nordic Council of Ministers Declaration on Access and Rights to Genetic Resources 2023 – The Kalmar II Declaration, address these changes.