A few studies have indicated that parents’ reactions to achild’s serious disease may entail long-term stress for the parents.However, further knowledge of its consequences is valuable. The aim ofthe study was to investigate the occurrence of burnout in a Swedishnational sample of parents of children who had undergone HSCT andsurvived. Burnout (Shirom–Melamed Burnout Questionnaire) andestimations of the child’s health status (Lansky/Karnofsky estimationsand study-specific questions) were self-reported by 159 mothers and 123fathers. In addition, physicians made estimations of the child’s healthstatus (Lansky/Karnofsky estimations). Nonparametric tests revealedthat burnout symptoms occurred more often among fathers of childrenwho had undergone transplantation within the last five yr compared tofathers of children with no history of serious disease (34.4% vs. 19.9%).Burnout among mothers and fathers was associated with the child’snumber and severity of health impairments up to five yr after the childunderwent HSCT (Spearman’s rho for mothers 0.26–0.36 and forfathers 0.36–0.61). In conclusion, chronic stress in parents after achild’s HSCT seems to abate eventually. However, parents should bemonitored and offered adequate support when needed. Moreover, thesituation of fathers in the often mother-dominated pediatric settingshould receive more attention in research as well as in the clinic.