This NordForsk Policy Brief is about the idea of ‘Nordic Added Value’, namely the justificationfor acting at the Nordic level, in relation to research. It explores the changing meanings of the ‘added value’ of cooperation in research at both the Nordic and European levels. It shows that the Nordic cooperation in practice already strong and considers the implications of possible futures on the continuing value and effectiveness of the cooperation. It makes a number of policy suggestions for increasing the strength and effectiveness of the Nordic cooperation in the future.