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Socioeconomic status and mortality in Swedish women: opposing trends for cardiovascular disease and cancer.
Nordic Council of Ministers, Nordic School of Public Health NHV.
Nordic Council of Ministers, Nordic School of Public Health NHV.
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2001 (English)In: Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), ISSN 1044-3983, Vol. 12, no 5, p. 532-6Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

We examined relations between socioeconomic status and cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes mellitus in a 24-year prospective study of 1,462 Swedish women. Two socioeconomic indicators were used: the husband's occupational category for married women and a composite indicator combining women's educational level with household income for all women. The husband's occupational category was strongly associated with cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality in opposite directions, independent of age and other potential confounders. Women with husbands of lower occupational categories had an increased risk of cardiovascular disease mortality [relative risk (RR) = 1.60; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 1.09-2.33] while experiencing lower rates of all-site cancer mortality (RR = 0.69; 95% CI = 0.50-0.96). A similar relation was seen with the composite variable: women with low socioeconomic status had an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (RR = 1.37; 95% CI = 1.01-1.84) but a somewhat lower risk for cancer of all sites (RR = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.66-1.11). Finally, morbidity data (diabetes mellitus, stroke, and breast cancer) yielded results that were consistent with the mortality trends, and breast cancer appeared to account for a major part of the association between total cancer and high socioeconomic status. In summary, higher socioeconomic status was associated with decreased cardiovascular disease mortality and excess cancer mortality, in such a way that only a weak association was seen for all-cause mortality.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2001. Vol. 12, no 5, p. 532-6
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:norden:org:diva-3397PubMedID: 11505172OAI: oai:DiVA.org:norden-3397DiVA, id: diva2:748244
Available from: 2014-09-18 Created: 2014-09-18 Last updated: 2025-06-12Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Socio-economic Status and Health in Women: Population-based studies with emphasis on lifestyle and cardiovascular disease
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Socio-economic Status and Health in Women: Population-based studies with emphasis on lifestyle and cardiovascular disease
2005 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The aim of this thesis was to investigate socio-economic status in relation to morbidity and mortality, in particular cardiovascular disease among women using data from two population based studies from Sweden. The secondary aim was to explore mechanisms potentially linking socio-economic status to health, assessing for example dental, dietary, and lifestyle factors. Samples: The Population Study of Women in Gothenburg Sweden was begun in 1968-69. A representative random sample of 1,622 women was selected according to date of birth and within the strata 38, 46, 50, 54, and 60 years of age; the participation rate was 90 percent. The Gerontological and Geriatric Population Studies in Gothenburg (H-70) are based on representative samples of 70-year olds from Göteborg, Sweden who participated in a series of cross sectional and longitudinal studies between1971 and 2000. Participation rates ranged from 86 percent for men and 83 percent for women in the 1901/2 birth cohort to 65 percent for men and 69 percent for women in the 1930 birth cohort. Main results: High socio-economic status was associated with a decreased risk for cardiovascular disease [RR 0.49; CI 0.24 – 0.99] in middle aged women independently of risk factors such as smoking and obesity;moreover opposing monotonic trends were seen for mortality from cancer and cardiovascular disease in relation to socio-economic status. Tooth loss, a proxy for cumulative lifetime oral infection was also associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease in women independently of socio-economic factors such as the husband’s occupational category, income, and educational level. Among 70-year old cohorts, later-born women were heavier and had higher body mass index than earlier-born women within the high education group only. However, secular increases in waist-hip ratio were seen in both educational groups. Compared to earlier-born cohorts of 70-year old men, later-born cohorts had higher body mass index and cholesterol levels across social strata, and heart disease and diabetes mellitus became more prevalent. Among the elderly, secular trends indicated greater improvements in cardiovascular risk factors among women than men, with exception to smoking and alcohol consumption. Diet quality and food selection were assessed in relation to socio-economic status in the youngest cohort of 70-year olds born in 1930. Socio-economic disparities in diet quality were detected in men but not in women. Conclusions: From a public health perspective, it is suggested that risk factor patterns should be investigated in association with socio-economic status in order to expose health inequalities, and to develop more equitable interventions for cardiovascular disease prevention.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Göteborg: Nordic School of Public Health NHV Göteborg, Sweden, 2005. p. 86
Series
NHV Reports and Doctor of Public Health-Theses, ISSN 0283-1961 ; Report 2005:3
Keywords
cardiovascular disease, dental health, diet, epidemiology, obesity, women, socio-economic status.
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:norden:org:diva-3401 (URN)91-7997-093-1 (ISBN)
Available from: 2014-09-18 Created: 2014-09-18 Last updated: 2025-06-12Bibliographically approved

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