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Inntakav vanlig brusog lettbrus og insidens av diabetes type 2 blant adventister i Nord-Amerika
Nordic Council of Ministers, Nordic School of Public Health NHV.
2014 (Norwegian)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years))Student thesisAlternative title
Association between regular and diet soda consumption and type 2 diabetes among Adventists in North America (English)
Abstract [no]

Bakgrunn: Diabetes er globalt økende, og et voksende folkehelseproblem. Hovedårsakene er den raske økningen av fedme, fysisk inaktivitet og et økende antall eldre. Samtidig med økt inntakav sukker og kunstige søtningsstoffer, brus og lettbrus, har fedme og diabetestilfeller også økt. Hensikten med denne studien var å undersøke om det er en sammenheng mellom inntak av brus og lettbrus og insidensav diabetes type 2.

Metode: Data ble samlet fra Adventist Health Study-2, en prospektiv kohortstudie. Data benyttet varbasert på et spørreskjema ved studiestart, og et oppfølgingsskjema, Hospital History Form(HHF-3). HHF-3 ble benyttetopptil 6 år senere med spørsmål om en evt. diabetesdiagnose, og tidspunkt for diagnosen. Deltakere med diabetes ved studiestart ble ekskludert. Antall deltakere i diabetesstudien var 45777. Nye diabetestilfeller under studien var 1277. Analysene ble gjort både med og uten kroppsmasseindeks (KMI). Det ble benyttet komplementær log-log-Cox analyse for å beregne hazard ratioer (HR) og tilhørende 95 % konfidensintervaller.

Resultater: I multivariate analyser justert for demografiske variabler, KMI, type kosthold, fysisk aktivitet, inntak av fiberog magnesium, var inntak av≥1 boks ( = 355 ml) lettbrus daglig assosiert med insidens av diabetes type 2(HR=1,46, 95% CI, 1,19-1,78),p(trend)< 0,0001. Inntak av ≥ 1 boksvanlig brusdagligvar ikke forbundet med økt risiko for diabetes, (HR=1,20, 95 %Cl 0,95-1,50). Sammenhengene ble styrketog statistisk signifikant for begge typer brus når det ikke blejustert for KMI. Andre risikofaktorer for utvikling av diabetes var alder, mannlig kjønn, ikke-hvit etnisitet, og KMI. Et høyt magnesiuminntak, et høytfiberinntak, høyere utdanningog et vegetarisk kostholdvar beskyttende mot sykdommen.

Konklusjon: Inntak av lettbrus men ikkevanlig brus,var signifikant assosiert med utvikling av diabetes type 2.

Abstract [en]

Background: Diabetes is increasing globally,presenting a growing public health problem. The rapid rise of obesity, physical inactivity, and an increasinglyelderly populationcontribute to this epidemic. The increase in obesity and diabetes coincide with increased intake of sugary and artificially sweetened drinks.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate whether the consumption of regularor diet soft drinks predicts the incidence of type2 diabetes.

Method: We used data collected from the Adventist Health Study-2, a prospective cohort study. The data was based on a baseline questionnaire, as well as a follow-up form (i.e., hospital history form-3) distributed to previous respondents up to 6 years later. Both questionnaire and follow-upformasked about a possible diabetes diagnosis and date of diagnosis. Importantly, Adventist Health Study-2 excluded individiuals who presented with diabetes at baseline. Among 45,777 subjects, the study detected 1,277 new cases of diabetes. Analyses were conducted both with and without body mass index. Complementary log-log Cox analysis was used to calculate hazard ratios(HR)and corresponding 95% confidence intervals.

Results: Adjusted for demographic variables, body mass index, type of diet, physical activity, and fiber and magnesiumintake, multvariateanalysis showed that consumptionof ≥1 can (355 ml) of diet soda/day was associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes (HR=1.46, 95% CI, 1.19 to 1.73;p<0.001). In comparison,consumptionof ≥ 1 can of regular soda/daydid not increaserisk of diabetes (HR = 1.20, 95% CI, 0.95 to 1.50). The associations were strengthened and statistically significant for both types of soda when not adjusted for BMI. Other risk factors for developing diabetes included age, male gender, non-white ethnicity, and body mass index. High intake of magnesiumandfiber, higher education,and a vegetarian diet were protective against the disease.

Conclusion:  Consumption of diet soda was significantly associated with the development of type 2 diabetes.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2014. , p. 47
Series
Master of Public Health, MPH, ISSN 1104-5701 ; MPH 2014:35
Keywords [en]
type 2 diabetes, diet soda, regular soda, artificial sweeteners, body mass index
Keywords [no]
type 2 diabetes, lettbrus, vanlig brus, kunstige søtningsstoffer, kroppsmasseindeks
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:norden:org:diva-3634OAI: oai:DiVA.org:norden-3634DiVA, id: diva2:783516
Presentation
2014-11-12, Nordic School of Public Health NHV, Göteborg, Sweden, 14:41 (Norwegian)
Supervisors
Note

ISBN 978-91-982282-0-5

Available from: 2015-01-26 Created: 2015-01-26 Last updated: 2015-01-26Bibliographically approved

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