The demographic trends and financial constraints in the Nordic countries, and all over Europe, are posing challenges, especially in the health care sectors. The rising number of elderly with "new" diseases, as well as new technology and inventions, create a growing demand for health care services and health care personnel. The aim of this report is to establish a clearer picture of the challenges in the future health care sectors in the Nordic countries, especially in terms of lack of health care personnel, and the strategies and initiatives implemented for recruitment and retention of personnel.