Nature-based solutions (NBS) are ways to tackle climate change while at the same time strengthening biodiversity and delivering ecosystem services to humans. The Nordic region aims to become the most sustainable in the world by 2030. That is why The Nordic Council of Ministers launched a research programme running from 2021-24, encouraging the Nordic countries to work together and enhance the knowledge base on nature-based solutions, restoration, climate mitigation and blue-green infrastructure. S-ITUATION is the first of five projects under this programme. The project report aims to synthesize and present existing research on NBS relevant in the Nordic context, including relevant projects and experiences, policies, knowledge gaps and cost-benefit analyses.